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A marriage is perhaps the most important social occasion
for any family as for the individual. Marriages in India
reflect all the regional colors overlaying the basic
religious rites. Literally "taking the girl away
in a special way or for a special purpose" marriage
is a focal point for a family gathering, with people
traveling long distances to participate in it.
A Hindu marriage follows the rituals, which started
in the vedic times. First a muhurat is chosen, an auspicious
time of the year . The wedding is usually conducted
at the bride’s place. Entire families gather and
the evening is spent singing, dancing and eating.
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A
day before the wedding the palm and feet
of the bride are decorated with "henna",
in the mehandi ceremony. A canopy or mandapa
decorated with flowers is erected at the
place of wedding. On the wedding day the
bride and groom are anointed with turmeric
in their respective homes. The bride looks
resplendent in all her finery. The following
description of a typical Indian bride
has been given in the great Indian classic,
the Ramayana - "She is arrayed for
her wedding in gossamer fine, red garment,
which is embroidered with gold, and jeweled
butterflies and other ornaments adorn
her lustrous black hair. She is wearing
precious gems in her ears, and her arms
and wrists are covered with bracelets,
while a golden band encircles her slender
waist and anklets of gold shine on her
feet." The present day Indian bride
also dresses almost the same way. |
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The
north Indian bridegroom ties a veil of flowers,
called sehara, to their turban. It is said that
the tying of sehara confers the status of Vishnu
on the groom. |
The
Indian wedding procession of the
groom or the Baraat is the main
event on the groom’s side,
which get off lightly compared to
the more elaborate arrangements
that are the responsibility of the
bride’s parents. The baraat
is headed by a deafening display
of fireworks and vigorous dancing
of the congregated folks. Accompanied
by the rhythm of the north Indian
dholak to the brass-bands playing
the western tune Tequila the baraat
finally reaches the milani or the
meeting point, where the elders
of both the families meet and the
baraaties are welcomed with garlands
and arati. The groom is welcomed
by the bride’s mother, she
performs an arati , womenfolk shower
flowers on him and then he is taken
inside the pandal. |
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The bride then comes with the jaimala,
and both the bride and the groom exchange
garlands to denote formal mutual acceptance.
After this the bride and groom sit in
the mandapa next to each other before
a sacrificial pit or havana kund. And
the detailed ritual of kanyadaan begins.
Old ladies of the house, the elders, and
the friends of both the bride and groom
remain near the mandapa, some to carefully
follow the ritual, some to enjoy the ambiance.
Rest of the guests start towards the other
most interesting part of the pandal, the
food section.
It may be mithi daal in a Gujarati wedding,
fish fry in a Bengali wedding, biryani
in Muslim or butter chicken in a Punjabi
wedding, food is one of the central themes
at any Indian wedding, the color and spice
may vary from region to region.
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After
kanyadaan where the bride is given
to the groom by her father, symbolically
giving her to Vishnu, the ritual
of pradakshina starts, in which
the bride and the groom ritually
walk seven times around the sacrificial
fire. Also called phera, this signifies
their union. The marriage ceremony
now enters its most important phase,
the saptapadi, in which the bride
and the groom take seven steps together
facing the north, After which the
bride comes to the groom’s
left, leaving his right side free
to take on the world. The couple
are now considered married. |
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